We have included 30 MCQs for Chapter 5 of the NCERT book. In this ‘The Fundamental Unit Of Life’ biology chapter, we have, along with MCQ questions, also have 10 exemplar questions with answers.
30 MCQ Questions for Class 9 Science: Chapter 5 The Fundamental Unit Of Life
Question 1. What is the main function of the cell wall in plant cells?
a) Energy storage
b) Controlling entry and exit of substances
c) Providing structural support and shape
d) Housing the cell’s genetic material
Answer:
c) Providing structural support and shape
Question 2. Where are proteins synthesized within the cell?
a) Golgi apparatus
b) Ribosomes
c) Mitochondria
d) Nucleus
Answer:
b) Ribosomes
Question 3. What is osmosis?
a) Movement of solute particles from low to high concentration
b) Movement of water molecules from high to low concentration across a semi-permeable membrane
c) Movement of solute particles across a cell membrane without energy
d) Active transport of ions across a cell membrane
Answer:
b) Movement of water molecules from high to low concentration across a semi-permeable membrane
Question 4. Which organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell?
a) Ribosome
b) Endoplasmic reticulum
c) Mitochondria
d) Nucleus
Answer:
c) Mitochondria
Question 5. What type of cell division is involved in the growth and repair of body tissues?
a) Meiosis
b) Mitosis
c) Binary fission
d) Budding
Answer:
b) Mitosis
Question 6. The plasma membrane of a cell is primarily composed of:
a) Carbohydrates and nucleic acids
b) Lipids and proteins
c) Proteins and carbohydrates
d) Nucleic acids and lipids
Answer:
b) Lipids and proteins
Question 7. Lysosomes are known as:
a) Powerhouses of the cell
b) Protein factories of the cell
c) Suicide bags of the cell
d) Brain of the cell
Answer:
c) Suicide bags of the cell
Question 8. The Golgi apparatus is involved in:
a) Synthesizing proteins
b) Breaking down waste materials
c) Packaging and dispatching materials within and outside the cell
d) Producing energy for the cell
Answer:
c) Packaging and dispatching materials within and outside the cell
Question 9. Which of the following is a characteristic of prokaryotic cells?
a) Presence of a well-defined nucleus
b) Absence of membrane-bound organelles
c) Presence of chloroplasts
d) Large central vacuole
Answer:
b) Absence of membrane-bound organelles
Question 10. Vacuoles in plant cells are responsible for:
a) Photosynthesis
b) Storing water and other materials
c) Protein synthesis
d) Cell division
Answer:
b) Storing water and other materials
Question 11. Which organelle is known as the ‘Powerhouse of the Cell’?
a) Golgi apparatus
b) Mitochondria
c) Endoplasmic reticulum
d) Ribosome
Answer:
b) Mitochondria
Question 12. What is the primary function of the cell wall in plant cells?
a) Synthesis of proteins
b) Providing structural support
c) Storage of nutrients
d) Energy production
Answer:
b) Providing structural support
Question 13. The selectively permeable membrane that surrounds the cell is known as:
a) Cell wall
b) Plasma membrane
c) Cytoplasm
d) Nuclear membrane
Answer:
b) Plasma membrane
Question 14. What is osmosis?
a) Movement of solutes from higher to lower concentration
b) Movement of water from higher to lower concentration through a semi-permeable membrane
c) Active transport of ions
d) Passive movement of molecules
Answer:
b) Movement of water from higher to lower concentration through a semi-permeable membrane
Question 15. Ribosomes are the sites of:
a) Lipid synthesis
b) Protein synthesis
c) Energy production
d) Waste disposal
Answer:
b) Protein synthesis
Question 16. Lysosomes are involved in:
a) Photosynthesis
b) Protein synthesis
c) Digesting waste material in the cell
d) Transport of substances
Answer:
c) Digesting waste material in the cell
Question 17. Vacuoles in plant cells are mainly involved in:
a) Protein synthesis
b) Storing water and other materials
c) Energy production
d) Transporting molecules
Answer:
b) Storing water and other materials
Question 18. The Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) is involved in:
a) Storing waste products
b) Synthesis and transport of lipids and proteins
c) Energy production
d) DNA replication
Answer:
b) Synthesis and transport of lipids and proteins
Question 19. The organelles responsible for photosynthesis in plant cells are:
a) Mitochondria
b) Chloroplasts
c) Ribosomes
d) Lysosomes
Answer:
b) Chloroplasts
Question 20. What type of cells are bacteria?
a) Eukaryotic
b) Prokaryotic
c) Multicellular
d) None of the above
Answer:
b) Prokaryotic
Question 21. The control center of the cell is the __________.
Fill in the blank.
Answer:
Nucleus
Question 22. __________ is the process by which Amoeba engulfs its food.
Fill in the blank.
Answer:
Phagocytosis
Question 23. Chloroplasts are found only in __________ cells.
Fill in the blank.
Answer:
Plant
Question 24. Proteins are synthesized in the cell on the __________.
Fill in the blank.
Answer:
Ribosomes
Question 25. The __________ is the semi-permeable membrane that surrounds the cell.
Fill in the blank.
Answer:
Plasma membrane
Question 26. Mitochondria are the sites of cellular respiration. (True/False)
True / False
Answer:
True
Question 27. Lysosomes are involved in protein synthesis. (True/False)
True / False
Answer:
False
Question 28. The Golgi apparatus is responsible for energy production in the cell. (True/False)
True / False
Answer:
False
Question 29. Ribosomes are membrane-bound organelles. (True/False)
True / False
Answer:
False
Question 30. Prokaryotic cells lack a well-defined nucleus. (True/False)
True / False
Answer:
True
Question on Match the Columns
Unmatched Columns – Questions
| Column A | Column B |
|---|---|
| (i) Cell Membrane | (a) Protein synthesis |
| (ii) Nucleus | (b) Selectively permeable barrier |
| (iii) Ribosomes | (c) Photosynthesis in plant cells |
| (iv) Mitochondria | (d) Control center of the cell |
| (v) Chloroplasts | (e) Energy production |
| (vi) Lysosomes | (f) Waste disposal |
Matched Columns – Answer
| Column A | Column B |
|---|---|
| (i) Cell Membrane | (b) Selectively permeable barrier |
| (ii) Nucleus | (d) Control center of the cell |
| (iii) Ribosomes | (a) Protein synthesis |
| (iv) Mitochondria | (e) Energy production |
| (v) Chloroplasts | (c) Photosynthesis in plant cells |
| (vi) Lysosomes | (f) Waste disposal |
MCQ questions from Exemplar Problems
Question 1. Which of the following can be made into crystal?
a) A Bacterium
b) An Amoeba
c) A Virus
d) A Sperm
Answer:
c) A Virus — Viruses can be crystallised because they behave like non-living particles outside a host.
Question 2. A cell will swell up if
a) The concentration of water molecules in the cell is higher than the concentration of water molecules in surrounding medium
b) The concentration of water molecules in surrounding medium is higher than water molecules concentration in the cell
c) The concentration of water molecules is same in the cell and in the surrounding medium
d) Concentration of water molecules does not matter
Answer:
b) The concentration of water molecules in surrounding medium is higher than water molecules concentration in the cell — Water enters the cell by osmosis (hypotonic outside), so the cell swells.
Question 3. Chromosomes are made up of
a) DNA
b) protein
c) DNA and protein
d) RNA
Answer:
c) DNA and protein — Chromosomes contain DNA wrapped around proteins (histones).
Question 4. Which of these options are not a function of Ribosomes?
(i) It helps in manufacture of protein molecules
(ii) It helps in manufacture of enzymes
(iii) It helps in manufacture of hormones
(iv) It helps in manufacture of starch molecules
a) (i) and (ii)
b) (ii) and (iii)
c) (iii) and (iv)
d) (iv) and (i)
Answer:
c) (iii) and (iv) — Ribosomes make proteins; starch is not made by ribosomes, and “hormones” (as a general category) are not all ribosomal products.
Question 5. Which of these is not related to endoplasmic reticulum?
a) It behaves as transport channel for proteins between nucleus and cytoplasm
b) It transports materials between various regions in cytoplasm
c) It can be the site of energy generation
d) It can be the site for some biochemical activities of the cell
Answer:
c) It can be the site of energy generation — Energy (ATP) generation is mainly associated with mitochondria, not ER.
Question 6. Following are a few definitions of osmosis. Read carefully and select the correct definition
a) Movement of water molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration through a semipermeable membrane
b) Movement of solvent molecules from its higher concentration to lower concentration
c) Movement of solvent molecules from higher concentration to lower concentration of solution through a permeable membrane
d) Movement of solute molecules from lower concentration to higher concentration of solution through a semipermeable membrane
Answer:
a) Movement of water molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration through a semipermeable membrane
Question 7. Plasmolysis in a plant cell is defined as
a) break down (lysis) of plasma membrane in hypotonic medium
b) shrinkage of cytoplasm in hypertonic medium
c) shrinkage of nucleoplasm
d) none of them
Answer:
b) shrinkage of cytoplasm in hypertonic medium — Water leaves the cell, so the cytoplasm shrinks away from the cell wall.
Question 8. Which of the following are covered by a single membrane?
a) Mitochondria
b) Vacuole
c) Lysosome
d) Plastid
Answer:
b) Vacuole and c) Lysosome — Both are single-membrane bound (mitochondria and plastids are double-membrane bound).
Question 9. Find out the false sentences
a) Golgi apparatus is involved with the formation of lysosomes
b) Nucleus, mitochondria and plastid have DNA; hence they are able to make their own structural proteins
c) Mitochondria is said to be the power house of the cell as ATP is generated in them.
d) Cytoplasm is called as protoplasm
Answer:
d) Cytoplasm is called as protoplasm — Protoplasm includes both cytoplasm and nucleus; cytoplasm alone is not “protoplasm”.
Question 10. Find out the correct sentence
a) Enzymes packed in Lysosomes are made through RER (rough endoplasmic reticulum)
b) Rough endoplasmic reticulum and smooth endoplasmic reticulum produce lipid and protein respectively
c) Endoplasmic reticulum is related with the destruction of plasma membrane
d) Nucleoid is present inside the nucleoplasm of eukaryotic nucleus
Answer:
a) Enzymes packed in Lysosomes are made through RER (rough endoplasmic reticulum) — Lysosomal enzymes are proteins synthesised on RER and processed via Golgi.
