Class 7 Science Chapter 12 Earth, Moon, and the Sun deals with relationship between these three celestial bodies and how their motions affect life on Earth. This chapter explains the concepts of rotation, revolution, phases of the Moon, and the occurrence of solar and lunar eclipses. The MCQs below will help students strengthen their understanding of these fascinating phenomena.
This Class 7 Science MCQ features MCQs, fill-in-the-blanks, and true or false questions, each followed by its answer.
MCQ Questions for Class 7 Science Chapter 12 Earth, Moon, and the Sun with Answers
Question 1: The Earth completes one rotation on its axis in:
a) 12 hours
b) 24 hours
c) 48 hours
d) 365 days
Answer:
b) 24 hours — Earth takes 24 hours to complete one rotation on its axis.
Question 2: The Earth completes one revolution around the Sun in:
a) 24 hours
b) 30 days
c) 365 days
d) 12 hours
Answer:
c) 365 days — Earth takes 365 days to complete one revolution around the Sun.
Question 3: The axis of the Earth is tilted at an angle of:
a) 23.5°
b) 45°
c) 90°
d) 0°
Answer:
a) 23.5° — The Earth’s axis is tilted at 23.5° to the vertical.
Question 4: The change of seasons on Earth is caused due to:
a) Rotation of Earth
b) Revolution of Earth and tilt of axis
c) Distance from Sun
d) Earthquakes
Answer:
b) Revolution of Earth and tilt of axis — Seasons occur due to Earth’s revolution around the Sun and axial tilt.
Question 5: Which celestial body is Earth’s only natural satellite?
a) Mars
b) Sun
c) Moon
d) Venus
Answer:
c) Moon — The Moon is Earth’s only natural satellite.
Question 6: The Moon completes one revolution around the Earth in:
a) 24 hours
b) 30 days
c) 7 days
d) 365 days
Answer:
b) 30 days — The Moon takes about 30 days to revolve around Earth.
Question 7: The phases of the Moon are caused by:
a) Rotation of Earth
b) Revolution of Earth
c) Revolution of Moon around Earth
d) Tilt of Earth’s axis
Answer:
c) Revolution of Moon around Earth — Phases of the Moon occur due to its revolution around Earth.
Question 8: The phenomenon when the Moon comes between the Earth and the Sun is called:
a) Lunar eclipse
b) Solar eclipse
c) Equinox
d) Solstice
Answer:
b) Solar eclipse — Solar eclipse occurs when Moon comes between Earth and Sun.
Question 9: The phenomenon when the Earth comes between the Sun and the Moon is called:
a) Lunar eclipse
b) Solar eclipse
c) Solstice
d) Rotation
Answer:
a) Lunar eclipse — Lunar eclipse occurs when Earth comes between Sun and Moon.
Question 10: Which heavenly body has its own light?
a) Moon
b) Sun
c) Earth
d) Venus
Answer:
b) Sun — The Sun emits its own light.
Question 11: The Moon shines because:
a) It emits light
b) It reflects sunlight
c) It burns gases
d) It has fire inside
Answer:
b) It reflects sunlight — The Moon shines due to reflection of sunlight.
Question 12: The day and night on Earth are caused due to:
a) Revolution of Earth
b) Rotation of Earth
c) Revolution of Moon
d) Eclipse
Answer:
b) Rotation of Earth — Rotation causes day and night.
Question 13: The shape of the Earth is:
a) Perfect sphere
b) Flat
c) Geoid
d) Cube
Answer:
c) Geoid — Earth is geoid shaped, slightly flattened at poles.
Question 14: How many times does the Earth rotate on its axis in a year?
a) 1
b) 365
c) 12
d) 30
Answer:
b) 365 — Earth rotates about 365 times in one year.
Question 15: The side of the Earth facing the Sun experiences:
a) Night
b) Day
c) Eclipse
d) Shadow
Answer:
b) Day — The side facing Sun has daylight.
Question 16: Which instrument is used to view distant celestial objects?
a) Microscope
b) Telescope
c) Periscope
d) Binoculars
Answer:
b) Telescope — Telescope is used to view celestial objects.
Question 17: The path of the Earth around the Sun is called:
a) Orbit
b) Axis
c) Rotation
d) Eclipse
Answer:
a) Orbit — Earth revolves around the Sun in an orbit.
Question 18: The shortest day of the year in the Northern Hemisphere is:
a) 21 March
b) 21 June
c) 23 September
d) 22 December
Answer:
d) 22 December — This marks the winter solstice in Northern Hemisphere.
Question 19: The longest day in the Northern Hemisphere is:
a) 21 June
b) 22 December
c) 23 September
d) 21 March
Answer:
a) 21 June — This marks the summer solstice in Northern Hemisphere.
Question 20: When day and night are equal, the phenomenon is called:
a) Solstice
b) Eclipse
c) Equinox
d) Orbit
Answer:
c) Equinox — Equinox occurs when day and night are equal.
Question 21: The Sun appears to rise in the:
a) West
b) East
c) North
d) South
Answer:
b) East — The Sun appears to rise in the East.
Question 22: The Sun is a:
a) Planet
b) Satellite
c) Star
d) Asteroid
Answer:
c) Star — The Sun is a star at the center of the Solar System.
Question 23: Which planet is nearest to Earth?
a) Mars
b) Mercury
c) Venus
d) Jupiter
Answer:
c) Venus — Venus is the nearest planet to Earth.
Question 24: How long does sunlight take to reach Earth?
a) 1 second
b) 8 minutes
c) 1 hour
d) 24 hours
Answer:
b) 8 minutes — Sunlight takes about 8 minutes to reach Earth.
Question 25: The Moon’s surface has:
a) Water and air
b) Craters and mountains
c) Thick atmosphere
d) Flowing rivers
Answer:
b) Craters and mountains — The Moon’s surface is rocky with craters.
Question 26: The time taken by Earth to rotate 360° is called:
a) Year
b) Day
c) Month
d) Season
Answer:
b) Day — 24 hours is called a day.
Question 27: The moonlight is actually:
a) Its own light
b) Reflected sunlight
c) Light from stars
d) Fire from inside Moon
Answer:
b) Reflected sunlight — Moonlight is reflected light of the Sun.
Question 28: Which type of eclipse is more frequent?
a) Solar eclipse
b) Lunar eclipse
c) Both equal
d) None
Answer:
b) Lunar eclipse — Lunar eclipses are more frequent than solar eclipses.
Question 29: The time taken by Moon to complete its phases is called:
a) Solar month
b) Lunar month
c) Year
d) Day
Answer:
b) Lunar month — The Moon completes its phases in about 29.5 days.
Question 30: The imaginary line on which Earth rotates is called:
a) Orbit
b) Axis
c) Equator
d) Meridian
Answer:
b) Axis — Earth rotates on its axis.
Question 31: The Sun is approximately how far from the Earth?
a) 15 million km
b) 150 million km
c) 1 million km
d) 1 billion km
Answer:
b) 150 million km — The average distance is 150 million km.
Question 32: The shape of the Moon as seen from Earth is due to:
a) Its rotation
b) Its revolution around Earth
c) Earth’s shadow
d) Clouds
Answer:
b) Its revolution around Earth — This causes phases of the Moon.
Question 33: Which celestial body has no atmosphere?
a) Earth
b) Moon
c) Mars
d) Venus
Answer:
b) Moon — The Moon has no atmosphere.
Question 34: The time taken by Earth to revolve halfway around the Sun is:
a) 3 months
b) 6 months
c) 9 months
d) 12 months
Answer:
b) 6 months — Half a revolution takes about 6 months.
Question 35: Which direction does Earth rotate?
a) West to East
b) East to West
c) North to South
d) South to North
Answer:
a) West to East — Earth rotates from West to East.
Question 36: Which of the following is a natural satellite?
a) ISS
b) Moon
c) Hubble
d) Sputnik
Answer:
b) Moon — Moon is a natural satellite of Earth.
Question 37: The occurrence of eclipses is due to:
a) Rotation of Earth
b) Revolution of Earth and Moon
c) Tides
d) Seasons
Answer:
b) Revolution of Earth and Moon — Eclipses occur due to revolution of Moon and Earth in specific alignment.
Fill in the Blanks Questions for Class 7 Science Chapter 12 Earth, Moon, and the Sun
1. The Earth completes one rotation on its axis in ___ hours.
Answer:
24 hours
2. The Earth completes one revolution around the Sun in ___ days.
Answer:
365 days
3. The axis of the Earth is tilted at an angle of ___ degrees.
Answer:
23.5°
4. The change of ___ on Earth is caused due to revolution of Earth and tilt of its axis.
Answer:
seasons
5. The Moon completes one revolution around the Earth in about ___ days.
Answer:
30 days
6. The different shapes of the Moon as seen from Earth are called ___.
Answer:
phases
7. A Solar Eclipse occurs when the ___ comes between the Earth and the Sun.
Answer:
Moon
8. A Lunar Eclipse occurs when the ___ comes between the Sun and the Moon.
Answer:
Earth
9. The Sun appears to rise in the ___ direction.
Answer:
East
10. The imaginary line on which the Earth rotates is called its ___.
Answer:
axis
11. The shape of the Earth is not a perfect sphere but a ___.
Answer:
geoid
12. The average distance between the Earth and the Sun is about ___ million kilometres.
Answer:
150 million
13. The Moon does not have its own light but shines because it ___ sunlight.
Answer:
reflects
14. The day and night on Earth are caused due to the ___ of Earth on its axis.
Answer:
rotation
15. When day and night are equal, the phenomenon is known as ___.
Answer:
equinox
16. The surface of the Moon is covered with mountains and ___.
Answer:
craters
True or False type Questions for Class 7 Science Chapter 12 “Earth, Moon, and the Sun”
1. The Earth rotates on its own axis from East to West.
Answer:
False
2. The Earth completes one rotation in about 24 hours.
Answer:
True
3. Day and night are caused by the Earth’s revolution around the Sun.
Answer:
False
4. The Sun appears to move across the sky from East to West because the Earth rotates from West to East.
Answer:
True
5. The Pole Star appears nearly stationary in the sky from the Northern Hemisphere.
Answer:
True
6. The Earth takes about 365 days and 6 hours to complete one revolution around the Sun.
Answer:
True
7. Seasons occur mainly because the Earth comes much closer to the Sun in summer and much farther in winter.
Answer:
False
8. In June, the Northern Hemisphere receives sunlight for more than 12 hours a day.
Answer:
True
9. In the Southern Hemisphere, summer occurs in June and winter occurs in December.
Answer:
False
10. On the equator, there are always about 12 hours of sunlight and 12 hours of darkness.
Answer:
True
11. A solar eclipse occurs when the Earth comes between the Sun and the Moon.
Answer:
False
12. During a total solar eclipse, it can become dark for a few minutes during the day.
Answer:
True
13. It is safe to watch a solar eclipse directly with the naked eye if the Sun looks dim.
Answer:
False
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