Water is essential for life. Three-fourths of the earth’s surface is covered with water. Only a small part of it is freshwater that we can use. In the chapter “Water Resources”, you will learn how freshwater comes from rain, surface water, and groundwater. The sources of water are renewed by the hydrological cycle, which makes water a renewable resource. Many regions face water scarcity due to over usage, pollution, unequal access, urbanization, lack of catchment areas, etc.
Find a comprehensive collection of 30 multiple-choice questions (MCQs) and 2 “match the following” questions based on the key concepts discussed in the chapter on water resources. The MCQs cover a wide range of topics. Each question is added to test the student’s understanding of the chapter. MCQs are one of the prominent parts of the class 10 question paper. The “match the following” questions are created to help students make connections between related concepts and facts.
Water Resources Multiple choice questions for Class 10 Geography Chapter 3
Question 1. Which one of the following statements is not an argument in favour of multi-purpose river projects?
a) Multi-purpose projects bring water to those areas which suffer from water scarcity.
b) Multi-purpose projects by regulating water flow helps to control floods.
c) Multi-purpose projects lead to large scale displacements and loss of livelihood.
d) Multi-purpose projects generate electricity for our industries and our homes.
Answer:
c) Multi-purpose projects lead to large scale displacements and loss of livelihood.
Question 2. Region having high annual rainfall but water is highly polluted can be classified as:
a) Suffering from water scarcity
b) Not suffering from water scarcity
c) Suffering from water excess
d) Not suffering from water excess
Answer:
a) Suffering from water scarcity
Question 3. Multiplying urban centres with large and dense populations and urban lifestyles have helped in:
a) Proper utilisation of water resources
b) Over-exploitation of water resources
c) Preservation of water resources
d) Increased water availability
Answer:
b) Over-exploitation of water resources
Question 4. Damming of rivers affects their natural flow by:
a) Improving sediment flow
b) Reducing sedimentation
c) Causing poor sediment flow and excessive sedimentation
d) Enhancing aquatic habitats
Answer:
c) Causing poor sediment flow and excessive sedimentation
Question 5. What is the primary cause of water scarcity in most cases?
a) Low rainfall
b) Drought
c) Over-exploitation, excessive use, and unequal access
d) Lack of water conservation methods
Answer:
c) Over-exploitation, excessive use, and unequal access
Question 6. Which type of water harvesting system was common in the flood plains of Bengal?
a) Rooftop rainwater harvesting
b) Khadins
c) Johads
d) Inundation channels
Answer:
d) Inundation channels
Question 7. What was the primary use of dams in ancient India?
a) Hydroelectric power
b) Recreation
c) Irrigation
d) Flood control
Answer:
c) Irrigation
Question 8. Which of the following is considered the purest form of natural water in Rajasthan?
a) River water
b) Groundwater
c) Rainwater (Palar pani)
d) Canal water
Answer:
c) Rainwater (Palar pani)
Question 9. In which state is rooftop rainwater harvesting compulsory for all houses?
a) Gujarat
b) Rajasthan
c) Tamil Nadu
d) Karnataka
Answer:
c) Tamil Nadu
Question 10. Which multi-purpose project integrates conservation of water with flood control in the Mahanadi basin?
a) Bhakra-Nangal project
b) Hirakud project
c) Sardar Sarovar project
d) Damodar Valley project
Answer:
b) Hirakud project
Question 11. What is the main cause of soil erosion triggered by dams?
a) Increase in vegetation
b) Sedimentation in the reservoir
c) Decrease in river flow
d) Decrease in sedimentation
Answer:
b) Sedimentation in the reservoir
Question 12. Which state receives the highest rainfall in the world, yet faces acute water shortage?
a) Rajasthan
b) Tamil Nadu
c) Meghalaya
d) Gujarat
Answer:
c) Meghalaya
Question 13. Which of the following traditional rainwater harvesting structures is found in Jaisalmer?
a) Tankas
b) Johads
c) Khadins
d) Kuls
Answer:
c) Khadins
Question 14. Which is the largest consumer of water in India?
a) Domestic use
b) Industrial use
c) Irrigated agriculture
d) Hydroelectric power
Answer:
c) Irrigated agriculture
Question 15. The Sardar Sarovar Project covers which of the following states?
a) Gujarat and Maharashtra
b) Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan
c) Both a and b
d) Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh
Answer:
c) Both a and b
Question 16. Which river is associated with the Krishna-Godavari water dispute?
a) Ganga
b) Yamuna
c) Koyna
d) Sutluj
Answer:
c) Koyna
Question 17. In which century was the tank in Hauz Khas, Delhi constructed?
a) 11th century
b) 12th century
c) 13th century
d) 14th century
Answer:
d) 14th century
Question 18. What is the main goal of the Jal Jeevan Mission?
a) Increase in rainfall
b) Conservation of rivers
c) Providing potable piped water to rural households
d) Flood control
Answer:
c) Providing potable piped water to rural households
Question 19. Which project is known for providing irrigation facilities to drought-prone areas of Gujarat and Rajasthan?
a) Bhakra-Nangal project
b) Sardar Sarovar project
c) Hirakud project
d) Damodar Valley project
Answer:
b) Sardar Sarovar project
Question 20. Which method of rainwater harvesting is popular in Gendathur, Karnataka?
a) Rooftop rainwater harvesting
b) Khadins
c) Johads
d) Inundation channels
Answer:
a) Rooftop rainwater harvesting
Question 21. What has been a major ecological consequence of irrigation in many regions?
a) Soil erosion
b) Salinisation of the soil
c) Increased groundwater levels
d) Increased vegetation
Answer:
b) Salinisation of the soil
Question 22. Which practice is declining in western Rajasthan due to the Indira Gandhi Canal?
a) Well digging
b) Canal irrigation
c) Rooftop rainwater harvesting
d) Flood control
Answer:
c) Rooftop rainwater harvesting
Question 23. What is the main source of water for irrigation in Punjab?
a) Canals
b) Rivers
c) Rainwater harvesting
d) Groundwater
Answer:
d) Groundwater
Question 24. Which river basin’s water is used both for hydel power production and irrigation?
a) Sutluj-Beas river basin
b) Ganga river basin
c) Yamuna river basin
d) Krishna river basin
Answer:
a) Sutluj-Beas river basin
Question 25. What major problem has been caused by big dams in controlling floods?
a) Increased rainfall
b) Sedimentation in the reservoir
c) Decreased river flow
d) Increased groundwater levels
Answer:
b) Sedimentation in the reservoir
Question 26. Which project aims to ensure access to protective irrigation for all agricultural farms in India?
a) Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchaee Yojana
b) Jal Jeevan Mission
c) Hirakud project
d) Sardar Sarovar project
Answer:
a) Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchaee Yojana
Question 27. What are ‘Tankas’ in the context of rainwater harvesting in Rajasthan?
a) Open wells
b) Underground tanks
c) Irrigation canals
d) Surface reservoirs
Answer:
b) Underground tanks
Question 28. What is the main focus of Atal Bhujal Yojana (Atal Jal)?
a) Increase rainfall
b) Flood control
c) Improve groundwater management
d) Increase river flow
Answer:
c) Improve groundwater management
Question 29. Which of the following states has seen the most implementation of Atal Bhujal Yojana?
a) Gujarat
b) Karnataka
c) Rajasthan
d) All of the above
Answer:
d) All of the above
Question 30. What is the main reason for ecological crisis caused by mismanagement of water resources?
a) Increased rainfall
b) Over-exploitation and excessive use
c) Increased vegetation
d) Conservation efforts
Answer:
b) Over-exploitation and excessive use
Match the columns for Class 10 Geography Chapter 3 – Water Resources
Question 1
| Column A | Column B |
|---|---|
| 1. Bhakra-Nangal project river basin | A. Rajasthan |
| 2. First state to make rooftop rainwater harvesting compulsory | B. Sutluj-Beas |
| 3. Sardar Sarovar project covers this state | C. Mahanadi |
| 4. Hirakud project river basin | D. Tamil Nadu |
| 5. Major river in Gujarat | E. Narmada |
Answer:
| Column A | Correct Answer |
|---|---|
| 1. Bhakra-Nangal project river basin | B. Sutluj-Beas |
| 2. First state to make rooftop rainwater harvesting compulsory | D. Tamil Nadu |
| 3. Sardar Sarovar project covers this state | A. Rajasthan |
| 4. Hirakud project river basin | C. Mahanadi |
| 5. Major river in Gujarat | E. Narmada |
Question 2
| Column A | Column B |
|---|---|
| 1. Water scarcity in cities | A. Groundwater depletion |
| 2. Post-independent intensive industrialisation | B. Over-exploitation |
| 3. Water use by industries | C. Multiplying urban centres |
| 4. Irrigated agriculture | D. Heavy water usage |
| 5. Urban housing societies | E. Pressure on freshwater resources |
Answer:
| Column A | Correct Answer |
|---|---|
| 1. Water scarcity in cities | C. Multiplying urban centres |
| 2. Post-independent intensive industrialisation | E. Pressure on freshwater resources |
| 3. Water use by industries | D. Heavy water usage |
| 4. Irrigated agriculture | B. Over-exploitation |
| 5. Urban housing societies | A. Groundwater depletion |
MCQ Geography Class 10 Questions and Answers for Other Chapters
- Chapter 1 – Resources and Development MCQ
- Chapter 2 – Forest and Wildlife Resources MCQ
- Chapter 4 – Agriculture Class 10 MCQ
- Chapter 5 – Minerals and Energy Resources MCQ
- Chapter 6 – Manufacturing Industries MCQ
- Chapter 7 – Lifelines of National Economy MCQ
